Concussion
Concussion Basics:
- Concussion is a type of head injury caused by a bump or blow to the head that causes the brain to move quickly inside the skull.
- Concussions may temporarily cause neurologic changes including headache, nausea, vomiting, dizziness or feeling off balance, vision changes, light or noise sensitivity, appearing dazed or confused, difficulty answering questions, mood or personality changes, changes in sleep, and memory loss.
- Concussion is a clinical diagnosis based on multiple symptoms being present. CT scan is not necessary for diagnosis of a concussion. A CT scan is only necessary when there is concern for a more significant head injury such as skull fracture or brain bleeding.
- Recovery time can vary widely with concussion. Some children and teens are back to their baseline within days. For others it can take months.
Concussion Treatment:
- Physical Rest – Refraining from activity for 24 to 48 hours followed by a gradual return to physical activity is important for recovery.
- Prolonged physical rest can actually be worse for concussions, while early, limited exercise can improve recovery time.
- You should pause your progression back to full activity if symptoms start to worsen and talk to your Pediatrician or
- You must be cleared by a healthcare provider before returning to full participation in sports or activities.
- Mental Rest – Your child may also need “cognitive rest” or modifications of school work while they recover, especially if school work is worsening their symptoms. He or she should take breaks as needed.
- Screen Time – Flashing lights and loud noises on screens can worsen concussion symptoms. Avoidance of screen time is important if this is worsening your child’s symptoms.
- Medications – Pain relievers like Acetaminophen or Ibuprofen are ok to use in the first few days, but prolonged use can actually cause a “rebound” headache so the timing should be limited.
- Hydration/Diet – Increase water intake and eat regular, balanced meals.
- Sleep – Get 8-10 hours of sleep at night (longer if this is what your medical team recommends)
When to seek care:
- Return for re-evaluation in 7-10 days
- Return sooner if symptoms are worsening or not improving
- If you are concerned
When to go to the Emergency Room:
- If headache becomes severe or associated with persistent vomiting
- If your child has increased confusion or agitation
- If your child develops slurred speech, lethargy or is difficult to arouse
- If you are worried
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